Thiruvamoor Pasupatheeswarar and Thirunavukarasar Temples: Thiruvamoor is around 9 kms from Panruti, 34 Kms from Cuddalore and 26 kms from Vizhupuram. One has to get down at a bus stop called Thiruvamoor Kaikaati and walk for around 2 Kms. We are first having darshan at Shri Tripurasundari sametha Shri Pasupatheeswarar temple. The temple is open from 6 am to noon and from 4 to 8 pm. The contact telephone numbers are 04142 237707 and 04142 239633. The sthala vruksham is Kondrai and the theertham is the Kedilam river. This temple is in the midst of agricultural fields. This is a very ancient temple. Major renovations and additions were done during the 11th century. Despite the presence of such an ancient temple, this place is known more for Thirunavukarasar.
I have already written about Shri Thirunavukarasar (Appar). He was one of the foremost Saivite Savants and one among the four leading Nayanmars. The first Thevaram was sung by him. He is believed to have sung more than 4900 hymns; only 313 are now available. Though there are no Thevarams on the Lord of this temple, Appar had sung Pasupathi Thiruvirutham which is believed to be on this Lord. Hence this temple is considered a Vaipu Sthalam. Sekkizhar in his Periya Puranam had sung in praise of this temple and Thirunavaukarasar.
He is considered an avataram of Vageesar, one of the saints residing in Kailash. When Ravana tried to lift Kailash, Lord Shiva pressed His big toe and Ravana almost collapsed. At that time, Vageesar pleaded with the Lord to spare the Lanka King as he was a great Shiva devotee. The Lord agreed and Ravana’s life was spared.
He was born in this village in the 7th century. He was born the son of Pugazhanar and Maadhiniyar in an agriculturist family. His parents named him Marulneekiyar. When he was young, his parents passed away and he was brought up by his elder sister Thilagavathiar. She was betrothed to one Kalipagayar. However before the marriage took place, he was killed in one of the battles fought on behalf of the local king. After his death, Thilagavathy wanted to commit suicide. But Thirunavukarasar pleaded with her to change her mind. However she left this place and settled in Thiruvadhigai and led the life of an ascetic, worshipping in the Veerataneswarar temple.
Marulneekiyar excelled in studies and became a Tamil scholar. However, he was attracted by the Jain Philosophy and became a Jain and his name was converted to Dharmasena and became a leader in the Jain community. Though his sister wanted him to come back to Hinduism, he continued to be a Samana (Jain). The Lord decided to test him and created severe stomach pain. The Jains could not cure him. He came running to his sister in Thiruvadhigai. She prayed to the Lord there and applied Vibhuti on his forehead and asked him to consume a small portion internally. His pain disappeared. Appar realised his real calling and became a Hindu again. When he worshipped the Lord at Thiruvadhigai, he was commanded to sing and the first Thevaram sprang up there. After enjoying his hymn, the Lord called him Thirunavuku Arasar ( King of words/divine speech) which name continues till date.
After staying in Thiruvadhigai for a few years, he took up extensive touring of Shiva kshetras, during which he met Thirugnana Sambandar. The latter started calling him Appar ( as he was almost of his father’s age). They went to several temples together. Lot of miracles had happened during Appar’s pilgrimage. One was the closed Vedaranya temple doors which opened when Appar sang a Thevaram. In all, he is believed to have covered 125 Shiva temples. After having Kailash darshan, he finally reached the Lotus Feet of the Lord at Thirupugalur in his 81 st year. He was instrumental in commencing routine temple maintenance work like removing the grass/thorn etc (Uzhavarapani) and this is symbolised by his holding a small instrument called Uzhavarapadai on his shoulder.
This temple is east facing. There is a small gopuram in the front. The central shrine houses the Pasupatheeswarar who also faces east. He is a Swayambumurthy. Appar is present in front of the main shrine ( like Garuda in front of Perumal!). In addition, he is also having a separate shrine in the prakaram. Mother Tripurasundari is in a south facing shrine. The shrines of Appar’s parents, his sister, Vinayakar, Murugan, Durga, Dakshinamurthy, Lakshminarayana Perumal, Brahma, Velmukhtheeswarar etc are either in the koshtam or in the prakaram. Arunagirinathar had also visited this temple and sang on the Murugan.
The descendants of Appar’s family live in nearby areas. They celebrate the Savant’s birthday on Rohini star of Panguni ( Mar-Apl) and Samadhi day (Gurupooja) on the Sadayam star of Chithirai (Apl-May). After Thilagavathi’s marriage got cancelled, the locals stopped the practice of having any engagement ceremony much in advance. They have the Nischayathartham (engagement ceremony) only on the marriage day or the previous day.
Appar’s old house was also renovated and now it is being called Thirunavaukarasar Koil or Madam This Madam is hardly 200 metres from Pasupatheeswarar temple. The Savant himself is the presiding deity. There are two Ganesas ( one on the right and another one on the left side of the main shrine) and shrines for his mother and sister are present in this temple. Appar is believed to have been born under a tree called Kalari Ugai (Toothbrush tree). This is very unique- it has the characteristics of a plant, a creeper as well as a tree! When we munch the leaves of this plant/tree, it has all the six tastes ( bitter, sweet, sour, salty, pungent and astringent ). Hence it is considered as one of the wonders in this temple. The local people believe that by eating a few leaves of this tree, chronic diseases are getting cured.
This temple is kept open from 9 am to 7 pm. The contact numbers are 04142 247707 and 086105 93617. Those suffering from stomach problems pray here and hope to get relief as Appar Swamigal got relief at Thiruvadhigai. Note: Photos and some of the inputs were collected from various websites.
Ambal Tripurasundari
Appar Swamigal Madam
Appar Swamigal (see the Uzhavarapadai on his left shoulder)
ஒரு மாடு வயல்வெளியில் மேய்ந்து கொண்டிருந்தபோது, அதன் குளம்பினால் கடினமான மேற்பரப்பைத் தாக்கியது. பசு பூமியிலிருந்து ரத்தம் கொட்டுவதைக் கண்டு பயந்து போனது. ஏதோ காயம் ஏற்பட்டதாகக் கருதி, பசு தன் பாலை ஒரு மருந்தாகக் கொடுத்தது, அதன் பிறகு இரத்தப்போக்கு நின்றது. இதனை பசு தினமும் செய்து வந்தது அப்பகுதி மக்களை ஆச்சரியத்தில் ஆழ்த்தியது. ஒரு நாள், அவர்கள் அந்த இடத்தை ஆய்வு செய்தனர், அங்கு ஒரு சிவலிங்கம் புதைக்கப்பட்டிருப்பதைக் கண்டனர், அது தோண்டி எடுக்கப்பட்டு கோயிலில் நிறுவப்பட்டது. பசுவின் செயல்களால் இது அவர்களின் கவனத்திற்கு வந்ததால், சிவனுக்கு இங்கு பசுபதீஸ்வரர் என்று பெயர்.
இங்குள்ள மூலவரின் பெயருக்கான மற்றொரு விளக்கம், பசு-பதி-பாசம் என்ற சைவ சித்தாந்தத்தின் தத்துவத்திலிருந்து, இது மனிதர்களை பசுஎன்றும் , அவர்களின் உலக உறவுகளை பாசம் என்றும் , பதியைசிவனாகவும் விவரிக்கிறது, யாரை வணங்குவது பூமிக்குரிய பிணைப்புகளை உடைத்து ஆன்மீக உயர்வை அடைய உதவுகிறது.
திருவாமூர் திரு-ஆவூர் (தமிழில் ஆ , பசுவைக் குறிக்கும்) என்று அழைக்கப்பட்டது , இது இந்த கோயிலின் ஸ்தல புராணத்திலிருந்து பெறப்பட்டது.
திருவாமூர் தமிழ் சைவ பக்தி பாரம்பரியத்தில் மூன்று முக்கிய துறவிகளில் ஒருவரான அப்பரின் அவதார ஸ்தலம் (பிறந்த இடம்) . அப்பர் பிறப்பதற்கு முன், அப்பரின் பெற்றோர்களான புகழனார் மற்றும் மதினியார் இக்கோயிலில் வழிபட்டதாக நம்பப்படுகிறது. அவர்கள் முக்தி அடைந்த பிறகு, அப்பரும் அவரது சகோதரி திலகவதியாரும் இந்தக் கோயிலுக்குப் பல்வேறு பணிகளைச் செய்தனர், அப்பர் (சுருக்கமாக) சமண மதத்தைத் தழுவுவதற்கு முன்பு, அவருடைய சகோதரி திருவதிகைக்குச் சென்றார்.
இது தேவாரம் பாடல் பெற்ற ஸ்தலம் இல்லையென்றாலும், அப்பரின் பதிகங்கள் பலவற்றில் எம்மையாளும் பசுபதியே (எம்மையாளும் பசுபதியே, என்னை ஆளும் பசுபதி) என்ற சொல்லைக் காணலாம். துறவி தாம் வழிபட்ட முதல் சிவாலயத்தைப் பற்றிப் பாடியிருக்க மாட்டார் என்பதும் நினைத்துப் பார்க்க முடியாதது. எனவே, அப்பரின் பதிகங்களில் சில குறிப்புகள் இக்கோயிலின் மூலவரைப் பற்றியதாக இருக்க வேண்டும், எனவே இக்கோயில் வைப்புத் தலமாகக் கருதப்படுகிறது .
அப்பர் மற்றும் அவரது குடும்பத்தினர் இங்கு வழிபட்டதால், நிச்சயமாக 6 அல்லது 7 ஆம் நூற்றாண்டில் கோயில் ஏதேனும் ஒரு வடிவத்தில் இருந்தது. 12 ஆம் நூற்றாண்டின் பிற்பகுதியிலும் 13 ஆம் நூற்றாண்டின் முற்பகுதியிலும் மூன்றாம் குலோத்துங்க சோழன் காலத்திலிருந்து முற்றிலும் சோழர் கோயில் ஆகும் , அதன்பிறகு வந்த பிற ஆட்சியாளர்களால் இது கிட்டத்தட்ட தீண்டப்படவில்லை. கோயில் சுவர்களில் அந்தக் காலத்தைச் சேர்ந்த பல கல்வெட்டுகளும் உள்ளன.
கோயிலின் பிரதான நுழைவாயில், ஒரு சிறிய கோபுரம் உட்பட, மேற்கு நோக்கி உள்ளது. ஆனால், மூலவர் கிழக்கு நோக்கி இருக்கிறார். ஒரு சுயம்பு மூர்த்தியான மூலவருக்கு எதிரே அப்பர் மூர்த்தி நிறுவப்பட்டுள்ளது, மேலும் அர்த்த மண்டபத்தில் அப்பரின் பெற்றோர் மற்றும் சகோதரியின் மூர்த்திகளும் உள்ளன. இக்கோயிலில் பல்வேறு தெய்வங்களின் மிக அழகான மூர்த்திகள் இங்கு பிரதிஷ்டை செய்யப்பட்டுள்ளன. கோவிலின் ஒட்டுமொத்த கட்டிடக்கலை எளிமையானது, ஆனால் கண்ணுக்கு மிகவும் மகிழ்ச்சி அளிக்கிறது.
இந்த கோவிலுக்கு மிக அருகில் அப்பருக்கு அர்ப்பணிக்கப்பட்ட கோவில் உள்ளது , இது அவரது பெயரில் இயங்கும் மடமாகவும் செயல்படுகிறது. துறவி பிறந்த உண்மையான வீடு, அந்த கோவிலின் அதே வளாகத்தில் இன்று சரியான செங்கல் கட்டுமானமாக உள்ளது.
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